A Review of Truck Driving Behavior and Safety

Driving behavior plays the most critical role in the complex environment of human-vehicle-road and it is a core factor in road traffic system. To deeply understand the driving behavior pattern and riskiness of truck drivers, this paper examines the influence of truck driving behavior on traffic safety, and systematically analyzes the research results related to truck driving behavior characteristics, riskiness and its relationship with traffic safety. 38 relevant literatures were screened out by using a proposed literature search strategy, and then a systematic summary by applying a LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) model was given based on four research topics, including truck driving behavior identification, relationship between dangerous driving behavior and driving safety, risk factors associated with truckinvolved analysis, and driving safety assessment. Further, a general research pathway available for any topic was constructed based on the analysis elements such as data sources, feature engineering, and modelling methods, and thenfour topics were summarized with emphasis on data sources, variable selection methods, study site, and modelling methods. At last, several potential challenges on these research topics were refined, and four promising developing trends were proposed from the perspectives of description, explanation, correlation, and application. The analysis of the research indicates that it is necessary to adopt the multi-source information fusion from driving status, vehicle motion status, and road traffic conditions for research on driving behavior based on big data and artificial intelligence. Besides, further research is recommended to enhance the study of the interaction mechanism to crashes between trucks and other types of vehicles in the mountain road environment for exploring risk factors associated with truck- involved crash severity from an overall spatial-temporal view. Furthermore, it will be necessary to further improve the research on the relationship between truck driving behavior and safety under the high-tech intelligent automation environment such as intelligent connected and automated vehicles. The theoretical methodology and application framework for truck driving risk assessment should be developed. This paper provides valuable insights for truck accident management, highway freight platform monitoring, road alignment design and other application scenarios, so as to have a relatively comprehensive understanding of the interaction mechanism between truck driving behavior and traffic safety.